The oceanic crust, mantle, convection currents, volcanoes, continental crust, magma and subduction zone are labelled. Schematic section through the upper 140 km of a subduction zone, showing the principal crustal and upper mantle. Rates of subduction are typically in centimeters per year, with the average rate of convergence. Here is an animation produced by the folks at cal tech following the 2004 sumatraandaman subduction zone earthquake. Use the time slider, in the upper left hand corner of the map, to animate the series of earthquakes. The animation clips and other geoeducational items described. Central americaearthquakes and tectonics incorporated. In addition, usgs studies natural hazard risk at the subduction zone where the pacific plate is sliding underneath the north american plate along the aleutian islands and coastal alaska. A new analysis suggests that massive earthquakes on northern sections of the cascadia subduction zone, affecting areas of the pacific northwest.
As an oceanic plate descends to hotter depths beneath the overriding plate, it is heated and releases water. Earthquake researchers have become aware of the importance of sticky points, or areas between the plates that can catch and generate more shaking. Page 2 represents the overriding lithospheric plate and should be printed onto a transparent overhead sheet. Gps data shows horizontal and vertical motion of ocean floor steady motion throughout, island gradually sinking, then suddenly popping up, shore gradually rising, then suddenly sinking and mainland fixed in one position. Terrifying animation shows how chiles tsunami took. Feb 27, 2010 this quicktime animation by professor miho aoki at the university of alaska fairbanks art department clearly illustrates how a tsunami can be generated by a subduction zone earthquake. The presence of hot, waterrich liquids causes the overlying rock to begin melting. After the stabilization of a twosided subduction zone, the lower slab suffers thermal weakening at the indentation zone 44 ma. Select the earthquake feed, in the left navigation.
Slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. This events primary features are a rupture length of approximately 1050 km, average rupture width of 70 km, and slip of 17. This animation is a way to visualize an earthquake as it travels outwards from its starting point through the earth viewed from above at left. Central america is one of the most vulnerable and highest risk areas in the world for earthquakesis. This animation shows every recorded earthquake in sequence as they occurred. Oblique view of a highly generalized animation of a subduction zone where an. Subduction polarity reversal in 2d numerical experiments for postsubduction continental collision faccenda et al. Cascadia subduction zone the 1992 cape mendocino earthquake. Inundation model animation quicktime animation get quicktime download. May 06, 2015 when tectonic plates collide, they produce earthquakes like the recent one in nepal. The animation shows an initial depression of the water surface close.
Cascadia subduction zone living with earthquakes in the. Researchers are providing new ways to explain how and why earthquake supercycles occur in zones where one plate. Animation of tsunami inundation in newport, oregon simulation from the adcirc finite element model. And theyre ready for you to use in your powerpoint presentations the moment you need them. Click on the download excel spreadsheet for calculations link on seth steins website below and enter. The following animations are based on an earthquake scenario generate by.
Paleomagnetic anomalies near the cascadia subduction zone. The cascadia subduction zone off the coast of north america spans from northern california to southern british columbia. Quicktime animation of a tsunami created by a shallow subduction zone earthquake. It is squeezed by five tectonic boundaries, including a subduction zone boundary where the cocos plate dives beneath the caribbean plate. Their respective aftershocks spanning on a few weeksmonths are also visible and clearly showcase the relaxing of mechanical constraints in the subduction zones.
In this animation, we explore the three different tsunamiproducing. Modeled tsunami inundation from a cascadia subduction zone earthquake article pdf available january 2004 with 335 reads how we measure. Stress and strain in subduction earthquake cycles stress and strain in subduction earthquake cycles powerpoint ppt presentation. Animation of seismic cycle, showing subduction of oceanic tectonic plate and resulting deformation of upper continental tectonic plate. Ucsb geology plate tectonics animation downloads explanations to be used in conjunction with ucsb animations mesozoic subduction section view of subduction off ca coast, 01. This subduction zone can produce earthquakes as large as magnitude 9 and corresponding tsunamis. Scientists estimated the magnitude and timing of each quake by examining soil samples at more than 50 undersea sites between washington, oregon and california. Ten thousand year record of cascadia subduction zone earthquakes based on earthquake size. The sudden offset of the ocean floor during the earthquake lifts up the overlying water column to produce a mound in the sea surface. This legacy software is still available for download, but no support is.
The second largest earthquake ever recorded was a magnitude 9. That subduction zone is largely responsible for the cascade volcanic range, as well as significant earthquake and. Mesozoic subduction drawn and animated by tanya atwater using photoshop and morph. Illustrates the geological processes commonly found at subduction zones. High risk is due to the complicated complicated tectonic landscape is populated by 50 million people, often in villages built before earthquakes were understood. When the stress becomes too great, the upper plate breaks free and springs back, causing the island to suddenly pop up, an earthquake, and a. Stein, stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes, and. This animation shows a plate moving over a hot spot, generating a chain of volcanic islands over the course of ten million years. Each model is based on a probabilistic nonlinear fit to data from a combined catalog consisting of several independent data sets historic earthquake catalogs, cmt solutions, active seismic profiles, global plate boundaries, bathymetry and sediment.
The third factor is a new idea relating to a subduction zones stickiness. A new animation of subduction zone processes developed for. Tsunami hazard map of the bellingham area, washington. During quiet times in between earthquakes interseismic periods, the oceanic crust is slowly pulled under the continental crust at about 2 inchesyear, the speed fingernails grow. The subduction zone earthquake induced slope displacement model can be implemented rigorously. Ppt subduction zone powerpoint presentation free to. The station is slowly pushed inland as elastic energy is stored in the overriding plate of the subduction zone then rapidly jumps seaward during a great earthquake that also generates a tsunami. By plotting earthquake epicenters on the simulated overriding plate, students observe the difference between focus and epicenter. Noaa center for tsunami research inundation mapping. Written by researchers at oregon state university, and published online by the u. Such an earthquake would have ruptured the earth along the entire length of the km 600 mi long fault of the cascadia subduction zone and severe shaking could have lasted for 5 minutes or. Regions where this process occurs are known as subduction zones. Convergent marginsubduction to tsunami educational.
For a proposal to nsf or any other funding agency, it is not adequate to assert that an animation of subduction zone processes is needed. Download fulltext download fulltext download fulltext. Resources featured in this powerpoint presentation. Quicktime animation of 2004 indian ocean tsunami waves generated by the december 26, 2004 sumatra andaman islands great earthquake. Convergent margin subduction to tsunami educational. The earthquake hypocenters first appear as flashes then remain as colored circles before shrinking with time so as not to obscure subsequent earthquakes. A new animation of subduction zone processes developed for the undergraduate and community. These hazards affect millions of people around the world, particularly around the edges of the pacific ocean, which mainly consist of subduction zones. With funding from fm global and usgs, peer has just launched a new research initiative called ngasub. Subduction is one of the two major processes of plate tectonics, the other being seafloor spreading. A chart of 10,000 years of cascadia subduction zone earthquakes. This animation shows every recorded earthquake in sequence as they occurred from january 1, 2001, through december 31, 2015, at a rate of 30 days per second. Aug 05, 2016 a new analysis suggests that massive earthquakes on northern sections of the cascadia subduction zone, affecting areas of the pacific northwest that are more heavily populated, are somewhat more.
Rates of subduction are typically in centimeters per year, with the average rate of convergence being approximately two to eight centimeters per. A comprehensive subduction zone geometry model created. What would happen if the big one hits the west coast. Ocean continent subduction cretaceous california, block diagram. Tohoku earthquake 2011 download free 3d model by loic norgeot. Oceancontinent subduction cretaceous california, block diagram. A new animation of subduction zone processes developed for the undergraduate and community college audience. Stress and strain in subduction earthquake cycles 1 stress and strain in subduction earthquake cycles. The chart shows all 40 major earthquakes in the cascadia subduction zone that geologists estimate have occurred since 9845 b.
Tohoku earthquake 2011 download free 3d model by loic. Pdf simplified procedure for estimating seismic slope. That mound then collapses as tsunami moves away from its point of origin. The rock above the plate boundary is being compressed and bent as it stores the elastic energy during time intervals between the earthquakes. Inundation mapping washington animations noaa center for. Observe an animation of volcanism at a subduction zone. The animation shows the motion of a gps station on the leading edge of a continent near a subduction zone during the earthquake cycle. When the stress becomes too great, the upper plate breaks free and springs back, causing the island to suddenly pop up, an earthquake, and a tsunami. The process which produces a megathrust earthquake would generate a tsunami, not depicted here. Pdf earthquakes track subduction fluids from slab source.
If youre curious how the csz earthquake probabilities are calculated, this page should help. Simplified procedure for estimating seismic slope displacements for subduction zone earthquakes. One may learn more about this animation, as well as download this animation here. A comprehensive analysis of the cascadia subduction zone off the pacific northwest coast confirms that the region has had numerous earthquakes over the past 10,000 years, and suggests that the southern oregon coast may be most vulnerable based on recurrence frequency. While working in groups to facilitate peer tutoring, students manipulate a handson, physical model to better comprehend several characteristics of subduction zone earthquakes. This new multidisciplinary research program will develop a comprehensive database of ground motions recorded in subduction earthquakes worldwide and a set of resulting nextgeneration attenuation relationships, also called ground motion prediction equations gmpes, for regions with. This animation shows the threedimensional structure of a subduction zone, where two of the earths tectonic plates collide and one is forced beneath the other. Generation of a tsunami by a subduction zone earthquake. Subduction zone earthquakes model templates this file contains the templates for assembling the plate kinematics model. Click the labels to reveal explanatory text about the. Plate tectonic animation earthguide online classroom. Stress and strain in subduction earthquake cycles a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The animation clips and other geoeducational items described below, are available for viewing andor download free of charge for your personal andor educational uses only.
As the downgoing plate heats up it releases volitiles that causes the overlying mantle to melt. Subduction is a geological process that takes place at convergent boundaries of tectonic plates where one plate moves under another and is forced to sink due to gravity into the mantle. This process results in geohazards, such as earthquakes and volcanoes. A chart of 10,000 years of cascadia subduction zone. This animation shows that gps can record the movement of the leading edge of the overlying continental plate in a subduction zone. Subduction zones are plate tectonic boundaries where two plates converge, and one plate is thrust beneath the other. Megathrust earthquakes in subduction zones can produce powerful tsunamis. These animations are in quicktime format and may take time to download. The process which produces a megathrust earthquake would. That subduction zone is largely responsible for the cascade volcanic range, as well as significant earthquake and tsunami hazard for the pacific northwest. By plotting earthquake epicenters on the simulated overriding plate, students observe. Search, discover and share your favorite earthquake gifs. These hazards affect millions of people around the world, particularly around the edges of the pacific ocean.
Animation of seismic cycle, showing subduction of oceanic. Subduction zone earthquakes off oregon, washington more. The boundary between the downgoing and overriding plates of the subduction zone is marked by the sunda trench. Strain builds up on subduction zone and is released in a great earthquake vertical line. When tectonic plates collide, they produce earthquakes like the recent one in nepal. Data from the 2011 tohoku, japan earthquake taught us much about megathrust earthquakes. Animation of earthquake and tsunami in sumatra duration. Trenches, accretionary wedges prisms and volcanic or island arcs are key surface features produced by subduction. Ppt stress and strain in subduction earthquake cycles. The resulting magma is less dense than the surrounding rock, so it rises up toward the surface. Such an earthquake would have ruptured the earth along the entire length of the km 600 mi long fault of the cascadia subduction zone and severe shaking could have lasted for 5 minutes or longer. In its simplest form, an earthquake earlywarning system assumes the earthquake results from sudden slip on a small area of a fault surface, and the initial magnitude represents that motion.
The plates are locked and the overlying plate is forced back. A new animation of subduction zone processes developed for the. This molten rock rises up to the surface and feeds active volcanoes. Slab models for subduction zones usgs earthquake hazard. In this animation we can see how ground motion, measured by gps, can enhance earthquake early warning. Image from an interactive diagram by earthguide at scripps institution of oceanography.
Tsunami generation animation generated by a subduction zone. The animation with related resources can be found on the unavco site. Iris education and outreach provides teaching resources on all magnitude 7 and larger earthquakes within 24 hours of those events. A new animation of subduction zone processes developed for the undergraduate and community college audience geological society of america annual meeting, paper no. An interactive animation illustrating how volcanoes and earthquakes occur in subduction zones. Animation of seismic cycle tectonics observatory caltech.
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